Question: what's the actual difference between RRV and 'join family in the UK visa'? Is it the settlement issue?
The 'Join Family in the UK' visa isn't just one visa, but actually covers a number of different settlement (family) visas: fiance visa, spousal visa, proposed civil partner visa, civil partner visa, dependant child visa, adult dependant relative visa etc.
They are all visas for people who don't live in the UK but wish to move to the UK to join their partner or other family member and work towards gaining ILR. People on these visas have to live in the UK for 5 years in order to qualify for ILR.
The Returning Resident visa is for people who hold (or have held) ILR in the UK and wish to return to live in the UK while maintaining their ILR status. If it's been less than 2 years since they left the UK, then they just use their valid ILR to enter as a 'returning resident'. If it's been more than 2 years, then they need to prove a very strong case that their entire life and their immediate family is based in the UK and that they need to return to be with them.
The problem is that most of the reasons for refusals of a returning resident visa seem to be because the applicant has spent more than 2 years outside the UK... so it seems stupid to even have the option of applying for it at all, since if it's been less than 2 years, you just use the ILR to re-enter and don't need a new visa!
To qualify for a 'Join Family' visa - in your case, a spousal visa for you and a child dependant visa for your daughter - you have to show that you meet the financial, accommodation and relationship requirements.
To qualify for a returning resident visa - well, who knows exactly how you can qualify, but essentially, I think really the only reasons they may grant one are:
- you have lived in the UK for most of (more than half) your life
- your immediate family members are still resident in the UK
- you were not able to return to the UK within the 2 years for reasons beyond your control, for example, UK partner's overseas deployment with the armed forces, being sent to work abroad by your UK company, studying for a degree in a different country etc.
Now while a sick relative is a potential good reason for not returning I'm not sure that it would be reason enough on its own to qualify for a returning resident visa (i.e. you would probably have to meet some of the other criteria too, like living in the UK for most of your life).
Ooh, just did some Googling and I have just found one instance of someone being granted a Returning Resident visa earlier this year (their reason for leaving the UK was to study for undergraduate and graduate degrees in Canada.) and one of a refusal being overturned:
http://britishexpats.com/forum/citizenship-passports-spouse-family-visas-uk-196/returning-residents-visa-847239/Those are the first approvals I have ever come across for a Returning Resident visa!