Welcome back, and sorry to hear about your tough few months
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It's great that thing are looking up now though and that he will be working again soon
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Once he gets work, as long as he is employed at this same place (for 6 months) and making the required amount of money per month/year, would we be able to apply after those 6 months OR does he need that AND to prove he's made x amount in the last 12 months?
No, if his new salary will meet the requirement, it's 6 months.
The 6 months and 12 months rules are for two separate categories which you can qualify under for the visa... so it depends which category he meets as to whether he has to provide 6 months or 12 months of payslips and bank statements.
The 12 months rule actually allows people to apply for the visa immediately after their spouse has started their new job, rather than having to wait 6 months (i.e. if he had earned £18,600 in the last 12 months, you could apply in 2 weeks when he starts the new job).
Unfortunately though, because he hasn't been working for the last 10 months, you will have to wait 6 months before you can apply rather than being able to apply immediately.
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Category A: with current employer for at least 6 months
- he has been with his current employer, earning at least £18,600 salary, for at least 6 months
- you have to provide 6 months of payslips and bank statements showing a minimum payment of £1,550 before tax each month
Category B: with current employer for less than 6 months
- he is currently been earning at least £18,600 salary but has not been with his employer/has not been earning that salary for 6 months yet (so you provide bank statements and payslips from that job)
AND
- he has earned at least £18,600 in total before tax in the last 12 months... to make up for the fact that he hasn't been in his job for 6 months yet (so you provide 12 months of payslips and bank statements from all jobs in the last year)