Can you convert a single tenancy into joint, or will they even let me do it since I'm coming over with no UK credit history?
I have a slightly different story than yours, but some of this might be of help.... I moved in with my bf when I first came over as a student and we managed to rent a house together with a bit of effort on my part.... They actually wouldn't let me live there without being named on the lease, so getting it in only his name wasn't an option. Also, you'll find that being on the lease, and therefore the council tax bill, will be an enormous help when you're trying to get bank accounts, etc and need proof of address. With no credit history and no job you'll likely have to have a guarantor for your part of the rent. It can be someone in the US, but the agency will need paperwork from them and the time difference slows things down a little....
Oh, and Lola's right that a rental agency is probably going to charge you to re-do the lease - we have to pay £50 to renew ours, so I should think it would be a similar fee...