The whole point is that UK sockets have a built-in safety feature, namely the shutters which cover the live terminals when a plug is not inserted. To defeat this, it is necessary to insert something into the earth (ground) aperture with enough force to overcome the spring which normally keeps the shutters closed.
Or as noted in the video clip on that website, later sockets of the MK make employ a slightly different mechanism which requires simultaneous and near-equal pressure on the shutters themselves to open them, which would certainly be difficult to achieve for a kiddy just poking around. MK even experimented with a shutter mechanism which requires simultaneous pressure on
all three points to open (no more opening the shutters with test probes for checking voltages on those!).
But the point is that
all British 13-amp sockets have
always had some sort of shutter mechanism since they were introduced in the 1940s (many of the 3-pin 5A and 15A BS546 sockets for round-pin plugs manufactured in the 1950s and later also have shutters, not that there are many still in general household service).
An ELCB at the distribution board would help minimize a live-to-earth shock, wouldn't it? But not necessarily where the child has contacted live with one hand and neutral with other?
An ELCB/RCD (equivalent to an American GFCI) cannot do anything to detect or minimize the effect of a live-to-neutral shock, unless there is also sufficient current passing to earth through the body at the same time to trip it. Given a dry carpet on a wooden floor and no direct contact with grounded objects such as radiators or pipework, it's quite probable there would be insufficient earth current.
Going off on a slight tangent, but this is something else which I feel has been misrepresented to the general public. The RCD certainly provides increased safety, but over the last few years it's been so promoted and over-hyped that many people have been left with the impression that on an RCD-protected circuit it's impossible to sustain a dangerous electric shock. That just isn't so.