Not sure if I should post this here, but I don't want to make a separate thread for it since it doesn't quite feel like it fits anywhere else!
The talk went well! I explained the work visa situation in great detail and why I couldn't get one, and he listened in disbelief for a bit before remarking, "Wow, we're dicks!"
I tentatively explained and outlined the fiancee prospect. He suggested a civil partnership instead but we learned that was listed exclusively for same-sex couples. So we thought for a while. And he said he wasn't uncomfortable with doing it, but he's still a bit confused on what marriage means to him. He's one of the types of people who doesn't think marriage is really necessary, whereas I'm a total romantic. However after hearing my views and why I think it's not exactly a harmful thing, he admitted that he was just a bit confused on it all - but that he's not opposed to it.
And, he said, my big move is over a year away - who knows? By then, he might be leaping at the chance to marry me anyway

but we agreed that, by that time, if work visas haven't eased up and there's still no other way, we're going to just go ahead and do it anyway! We're head over heels for each other and nothing is going to stop us from being together.