My contributions and employer contributions to UK pension

I think, but this is a guess, so take it with a pinch of salt... Question 4 refers to the tax treaty article, which is 17, or maybe 18.

Just curious, do you plan to do the renunciation of USC through a CPA, or go it alone? Does renunciation have any effect on SS retirement benefits, 401(k) distributions? Anything adverse apart from the obvious?

I left the US at the age of 22 after university, so no SS or 401(k) to worry about. I planned to do it myself; I've never heard of doing it through a CPA, why would I need to do that?
Question 1b asks what treaty article you're relying on, question 4 seems to be asking for something more specific than that, but it's so badly written that it makes no sense. *sigh* I fear I may have to cough up money for professional help on this. I definitely can't afford to actually pay the tax on the contributions.

I've never heard of doing it through a CPA, why would I need to do that?
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Some people are "Covered expatriates". Form 8854 then requires more information. Briefly looking at the instructions, you still have to file every year form 8854 if you're considered a "Covered expatriate". (Taxation Under Section 877)

Good luck with it...

Hahaha, I am not even close to being a covered expat.