You do not need to surrender your US licence.
You need to first apply for a UK provisional licence, which involves mailing your BRP to DVLA.
Once you have the provisional licence, you can take the theory and practical driving tests.
It's also a good idea to take some lessons as well, since you have to learn how to pass the test (it only has about a 45% first time pass rate).
If you take the test in an automatic, you will only be licensed to drive automatic cars. If you take it in a manual car, you will be licensed to drive both manual and automatic cars.
If you haven't received your full UK licence by the time your 12 months is up, you will no longer be legally allowed to drive on your US licence... and will be treated like a learner driver, which means:
- L plates displayed on the car
- you must be accompanied at all times by someone over 21 who has held a full UK licence for at least 3 years
- no motorway driving allowed
You are leaving things a bit late, unfortunately, so it's unlikely you will be able to get your UK licence by November.
I would allow about 4 weeks to receive the provisional licence, then a couple of months at least to pass the theory test and take some lessons, and then some driving test centres have a couple of months' waiting time for a driving test booking... which you can't book until you have passed the theory tests.
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