ksand, about US taxes, don't worry! There are ways to help simplify the process.
You'll have to file a federal and state tax return (unless you worked in a state that does not have an income tax...AK, NH, TN, FL, SD, WA, NV, TX, WY). You can do it online, too, which the IRS encourages, through a program called e-file.
If you made less than $54,000 last year, you are eligible to file your (federal) tax return for free. You go to the IRS website, choose a tax preparer from a list of companies the IRS provides, click on a special link to be taken to the provider's website, and file. You can use the same tax preparer for your state return, but the preparer may charge you a fee for that.
Here's the cool part. I used H&R Block, the company summerrhi was referring to, and they walk you through the entire process by asking you simple, plain-English questions. They then put your responses in the appropriate blank on the official IRS tax return form, which you can review before it is sent off. I had a good experience with them, although I'm sure the other companies listed are worth checking out, too.
Here is the link to the free file program:
http://www.irs.gov/efile/article/0,,id=118508,00.html. It's not available for the 2008 tax year until 2009, but the information is all there.
Of course, you can download the proper tax return forms from the IRS website and fill them in yourself, but if you are looking for guidance, this is a good solution.
Good luck!