For anyone who might be in the same position as the one I described, my answer came from the IRS (via email within 12 hours. Thanks guys. I went this way following a quote from a US based International Tax advisor of $450 per hour for phone advice, with a 2 hour minimum. Well worth it, I'm sure, but not on this occasion.)
If work is completed on a self-employed basis in a foreign country by a non-US citizen then it is considered 'foreign sourced' and as such there is no requirement by the IRS for the worker to file a tax return.
There is no requirement for the company issuing the payments to do more than keep a record of their payments. Although not required to, I can sign and complete form W8-BEN to certify my foreign status for their records, which they might welcome during an audit. There is no withholding requirement. No W2, 1099-C or 1042-S needs to be issued.
If the experts out there can see any glaring omissions then please correct me, but that's from the horse's mouth.