Well, I thought finding some info online was going to be easy. It's not. But here's a sort of conglomeration of my experience and what I found...
When I came to the UK on a tourist Visa for three months, basically living with the guy I was still contemplating whether or not I wanted to spend the rest of my life with, I was enrolled on his BUPA insurance as a "partner" because we shared the same address and heck, BUPA got the extra money; it doesn't judge personal circumstances, didn't care my last name didn't match the bill payer.
In that grace period I also got an earache. I went to the local surgery and inisted I did not qualify for free NHS, offered them gobs of money and they looked at me like I had two heads. Never dealt with an American visitor before. So, they did the only things they could think of to do. Treated me, charged me nothing and sent off my details to the NHS place to enroll me. I did not know that they did that, so imagine my surprise when I got this thing in the post: My Own NHS Card. So, I have this prescription and I have to fill it. Handed it to the pharmacy guy with the explanation that I did not qualify for NHS treatment. He did not know what to do so he said "5 quid" and I walked out with my soon-to-be-hubby asking "welll?" and then laughing that's less than he pays!
In other words, as far as I can gather, you are allowed medical attention and it's up to the individual surgery what they do and how much they charge.
I sorta got a confirmation of that on the Notre Dame web site giving medical details to its students going abroad, part quote (note this has to do with students, not us normal folks, but some do apply):
Registering with a GP should be an easy procedure. Look in the phone book for your local health authority's phone number. Call or visit the local health authority to obtain a pamphlet that contains the names of doctors in your area with whom you are eligible to register. Call the doctor's office (surgery) and ask what days they will register new patients. When you register, you will have to answer some questions about your health and may be given vaccines or tetanus shots if you are not up to date!
Holders of EU passports are automatically covered by the NHS, though they still have to register. You should get a copy of Form E111 from the pertinent government office within your country before coming to London. With this form, your passport, and proof of student status, you may register for care with the local NHS doctor in your area.
I was hoping the American Embassy could help. Without coming out and exactly saying it, they confirm the above gist as well. They go on to list American-friendly surgeries, but 1, they are all in London (assuming American toursits only go to London) and 2, they say to look in the phonebook for a comprehensive list (which means to me that you can go anywhere for health treatment). See their site at:
http://www.usembassy.org.uk/cons_web/acs/uk/medfac.htmNothing I could find on the NHS and related web sites to give a direct answer to your question, peedal. However, this site does give comprehensive online NHS referrals/advice which might be bookmarkable for general reasons:
http://www.surgerydoor.co.uk/level2/howthenhsisstructured.shtmlAnd this URL gives a link to a "Send us your enquiry" in case you want to write to the NHS itself to get your specific question answered.
http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/misc/GPSurgery.asp