Will I be Taxed?

I'm a student at university in the UK.  I have a student visa, and if I get a job here, I will obviously pay taxes to the UK government.  Same with owning a house.  Let's say that I extend my stay through the International Graduates Scheme and then get a work permit and later an IRL without returning to the US to live there in between these periods.  Will I ever owe taxes to the US government?

Possibly if you make of $80,000.  But even then with a good accountant, you can usually get your liability down.  Remember - you should "always" file your US tax return even if you did not make any of your money in the US.