Girls, sorry, Jimbo asked a technical question...
Vortex Ring State (VRS) occurs during low forward speed and high rate of descent. In forward flight at positive airspeed say down to about 30kts indicated, the airflow moves down through the rotor disc and backwards along the fuselage of the aircraft. At a high rate of descent, the rotor disc is being forced to descend into its own wake. So long as there is sufficient forward airspeed, the disc will continue to bite into a fresh, undisturbed column of air and will therefore continue to develop positive lift. As soon as that forward airspeed decays beyond a critical point, and the rate of descent is maintained or recirculation is occurrent from sufficient updraft in the hover, the rotor disc will begin to bite disturbed air within its own wake. The result is that the disc will begin to stall at the root (near the mast). The stall will then propagate around the root and begin to create wake disturbance at the rotor tips. Effectively, the entire disc will stall and the vertical column of air being sucked into the disc will be completely compromised by recirculated and stalled airflow. Increasing power (pulling collective) will make the situation worse. This is known as VRS. Fully developed VRS is unrecoverable and will always result in catastrophe. Partial VRS is recoverable by either one of two actions... lowering the collective to minimum pitch and applying full fwd cyclic to get forward airspeed (there will be substantial height loss which may in itself lead to catastrophe). Alternatively, apply full cyclic port or stbd and maintain collective position followed by generating forward airspeed by fwd cyclic; much less height loss. This second method was developed by mountain pilots in Switzerland and is now the preferred method worldwide.
Settling with power is the same thing according to the FAA. In my book, settling with power is different than VRS because it involves a shortage of power available to arrest descent with forward airspeed. I guess it's like pulling up in your glider but the descent continues. Slightly different thing but can have very similar causes.
VRS has caused numerous serious and fatal accidents. One that I've personally seen was a Super Puma that crashed off Sumborough in Scotland. The Bin Laden raid aircraft was also VRS. Very nasty condition. Very deadly. Always pilot error...
Crazy driver is behaving. Words were had and problems have subsided!
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