There’s no limit on time outside the U.K. for ILR, though there is a limit for U.K. citizenship applications, which is no more than 270 days outside the U.K. in the 3 years before applying, with no more than 90 of those days in the last 12 months (but for citizenship you can just wait until you are under the limit again before you apply).
However, the important thing for ILR is that you and your wife have lived together in the same house for the entire length of the visa.
If you had gone to the US with her, that would not be an issue at all as you would still be living together there.
But with her in the US on her own, it gets a bit trickier since you aren’t currently living together. However, as long as she has a very good reason for staying there so long without you, it shouldn’t affect ILR.
Normally very good reasons would be things like having to travel overseas for work for long periods, or being deployed with the military, though if she ends up stuck there because of Covid restriction and physically cannot travel home, I assume that would be okay.
Ideally though, you want to minimise the time you live apart as much as possible.
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