I know when we first filed taxes here and sent a 2350, we were qualifying for the physical presence test, so we had to put the first full day after our arrival.
In your case I would have presumed the opposite so I looked and found the following language in the instructions to form 2555: "you must be... A U.S. citizen who is a bona fide resident of a foreign country, or countries, for an uninterrupted period that includes an entire tax year (January 1–December 31, if you file a calendar year return)."
(This was from 2006 so it might be good to double-check that it is still there in the same format.)
From my experience with IRS "logic," I would be virtually certain that your qualifying period begins on January 1, the first date in which you began to meet the requirements of the test, if you see what I mean.
All very frustrating, isn't it!