You could try mixing baking soda and liquid detergent into a paste, and using that like Soft Scrub. I'm not sure if it would do anything for the dark spots if they are mold, but it's a good all-around cleanser.
If you do think it's mold, and can't use anything bleachy, you could try vinegar instead. I don't think it would discolor the sink, but it might be worth doing a very small spot test somewhere inconspicuous first. Another suggestion from natural cleaning sites I've checked is to use tea tree oil. It's recommended that you mix about 1 teaspoon of oil with a cup of water and spray on. If that doesn't work, you could try upping the strength, or even dabbing on the pure oil. Again, though, I'd recommend spot-testing.